Note 5
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Leviticus 25:1-7 - Here is where God established that every seven years, the land would lay at rest for one year.

Leviticus 26:31-35 - Here is where God declared He would execute Judgment upon the land of Israel if the people didn't observe His commandments concerning the rest of the sabbath years.

II Chron 36:21 - Israel failed to observe the sabbaths as commanded by God. Therefore God send Jeremiah to prophesy concerning this. What God said He wanted, he will get. The land of Israel will observe the sabbaths set aside by God whether or not Israel is in the land.

Jeremiah 25:8-11 - Jeremiah declared that Babylon would make the land of Israel a desolation because the people had not obeyed the voice of God concerning the sabbaths.

Daniel 9:1,2 - Daniel understood by reading the writings of Jeremiah (a contemporary prophet) that Israel would be in Babylonian captivity for 70 years.

Some observations concerning the 70 year Babylon captivity

I don't know if there is scripture to prove the exact times when Israel began to fail to observe the sabbath years, but the following calculation should be helpful in determining how long the sabbath years had been forsaken.

a. The sabbath years were to be observed one year out of every seven years.

b. The land of Israel was to have rest for 70 years during the Babylonian captivity.

c. 70 X 7 = 490 It seems Israel had forsaken the sabbaths for 490 years.

d. This puts the last time the sabbath years were observed to be about the time when David was king of Israel.

e. It is to be observed that David reestablished the priesthood in the order they were in when Christ came.

Another way to look at the seventy year captivity is that Israel failed a total of 70 consecutive times to observe the sabbath years from the time Moses received the commandment from God (Lev. 25).

Another way to look at the seventy year captivity is that Israel failed a total of 70 consecutive times to observe the sabbath years from the time Moses received the commandment from God (Lev. 25).

Another way to look at the seventy year captivity is that Israel failed to observe the sabbath years less than 70 times from the time Moses received the commandment from God. God demanded 70 years captivity because He desired 20% "interest" like he demands for tithes not paid, Lev. 27:31.

One point should be made concerning the Pharisees during the time of Christ. These hypocrites placed a great emphasis upon keeping the sabbath days because they understood the history of Israel who went into the 70 year Babylonian captivity because the sabbaths were not observed. The Pharisees kept the sabbaths in the flesh, not rejoicing at God's command. They counted themselves righteous because they kept the sabbath day, not because of the righteousness of God upon them. They did not question their motives when Christ came doing miracles on the Sabbath day, but condemned HIM for breaking their commands.